According to the World Health Organisation (WHO), there are nearly 10 million new cases of dementia every year worldwide, of which Alzheimer's disease is the most common form of dementia and may contribute to 60–70% of cases. Regardless of these numbers, there still exists a significant amount of stigma surrounding the disease, including public stigma, familial stigma, and self-stigma. 

Public stigma around Alzheimer’s, first and foremost, is perpetuated by stereotypes, either about the disease or its patients. One stereotype about Alzheimer's disease is that it is a normal part of ageing. This stereotype downplays the seriousness of the condition and the severity of its symptoms, leading to a delay in diagnosis and treatment. The other stereotype about Alzheimer's patients is that they are no longer themselves — they are 'the living dead' or 'empty shells'. This stereotype, and its derogatory names and labels, maintain the misconception that these patients have lost their identity or sense of self. While the disease can cause changes in behaviour, personality, and cognitive abilities/capabilities, it does not undermine the dignity and respect that these patients deserve. We must recognise that Alzheimer's patients are unique individuals with their own histories, experiences, and relationships and not define them solely by their diagnosis.

Familial stigma around Alzheimer's can manifest in several forms, including denial or avoidance of the disease or its diagnosis, shame or blame towards the patient, and social isolation of themselves or the patient, among others. And more often than not, familial stigma translates into self-stigma, meaning the negative attitudes and beliefs that Alzheimer's patients may internalise about themselves, leading to feelings of shame, guilt, or embarrassment. Fear of stigma can further fuel the fear of the disease and diagnosis, deterring patients from seeking medical care and resulting in missed opportunities for early detection and treatment.

While the stigmas discussed above are pertinent, they are just the tip of the iceberg; many more lie beneath the surface, unaddressed. Nevertheless, the strategies to combat these stigmas are the same. One of the most effective ways is to educate and raise awareness about Alzheimer's disease to help dispel myths and dispute stereotypes. Another way is to create support groups for Alzheimer's patients and their families to offer a safe space for open communication. The other way is to practise empathy and understanding towards Alzheimer's patients and their families to show them that they are not alone and that their feelings and experiences are valid. By implementing these strategies (and more), we can work towards breaking down the stigma surrounding Alzheimer's disease and creating a more inclusive and supportive community for those affected.