First, we must assess Kuala Lumpur’s vulnerability to extreme weather events, including precipitation, waterlogging, geohazards, heat, drought and flooding caused by both natural and human activities. Engaging in risk dialogues with all relevant stakeholders — including city government agencies, Indah Water Konsortium (IWK), the Mineral and Geoscience Department (JMG), and utility providers — is crucial to reduce such vulnerabilities. This collaboration will help formulate strategies for implementing a spatial adaptation plan and investment agenda for city’s infrastructure.

_{According to the author, the frequency and magnitude of climate change-related hazards such as droughts, wildfires, flash floods, and landslides have left the city and its residents vulnerable to further shocks and stresses. Image Source: MalayMail}

The strategy should not rest solely on the shoulders of Kuala Lumpur City Hall (DBKL), it should be a collective plan, all aimed at making Kuala Lumpur climate-proof and water-resilient. The strategy will also intensify and accelerate efforts to combat heat stress, drought and the impact of urban flooding.

The spatial adaptation plan must also be integrated in the management, maintenance and monitoring of the city’s environment and its utilities. Regular and systematic monitoring of the risk such as waterlogging and land integrity can mitigate the landslides and sinkhole. This can be pursued through effective legislation, visions, monitoring plans and standards. It is important to recognise that given the rapid changes in our climate, the risk assessments and the Climate Adaptation Strategy of the city must be reviewed and updated regularly.